Sexual exploitation and abuse by UN peacekeepers

Abstract

Sexual exploitation and abuse (SEA) by UN peacekeepers is a chronic issue of the UN history. Peace operations are deployed in order to promote and protect human rights and establish the rule of law in post-conflict areas; however, over the past few years, allegations against peacekeepers have demonstrated that they harm local communities. UN policies and actions are not efficient, letting this issue affect more people in need. Definitions concerning sexual violence are not comprehensive, and overlooking the issue – especially in the first years of its appearance – only worsens the situation. Scholars have analyzed SEA and tried to understand the reasons behind it and the influence of masculinities on it; to categorize its types; as well as the impact that it has on individuals, local and international communities. Some of the few initiatives against SEA are the continuous development and qualitative training standards, the deployment of female peacekeepers and the promotion of gender equality, while in the past few years UN has introduced a victim-centered approach mechanism as well. Nevertheless, when the time comes for investigating and prosecuting perpetrators, there are some obstacles that should be overcome and a complex legal system, regarding the jurisdiction over peacekeepers that should be solved.