Sexual orientation and gender identity as reason for forced migration

Abstract

The issue of forced migration due to sexual orientation and gender identity is a growing concern worldwide. This dissertation examines the reasons why individuals are forced to flee their home countries due to persecution based on their sexual orientation and/or gender identity. It explores the legal protections that exist for LGBTQ+ forced migrants and the challenges they face in accessing these protections. The study was conducted through a comprehensive review of relevant literature, including academic articles, reports by international organizations, and legal documents. The findings reveal that the persecution of LGBTQ+ individuals remains prevalent in many countries, leading to forced migration. The 1951 Refugee Convention serves as the primary instrument of international refugee law for LGBTQ+ forced migrants, but gaps and limitations still exist in its implementation.