http://dspace.lib.uom.gr/handle/2159/23475 Sat, 05 Sep 2026 12:19:29 GMT 2026-09-05T12:19:29Z http://dspace.lib.uom.gr/handle/2159/34621 Title: COVID-19 related consequences on the right to work. The right to work and discrimination against LGBTQ people: a review of national and international case-law Authors: Ουγγρίνης, Αθανάσιος Abstract: The global economies were deeply impacted by the outbreak of the COVID 19 in early 2020 causing significant disruptions to the right to work for individuals across different industries. The enforcement of lockdown measures and restrictions on movement led to closures of businesses and layoffs of employees. In this academic thesis we will explore the ranging consequences of COVID 19 on the right to work focusing on its impact on major industries and the alarming rise in unemployment rates. As the pandemic unfolded it became evident that certain industries were hit harder than others struggling to navigate through the challenges posed by lockdowns. Disturbing reports indicated that some employers failed to prioritize safety measures thus putting their employees’ wellbeing at risk. This paper emphasizes the need for an examination of working conditions during crises in order to ensure proper protection of workers’ rights and safety. The COVID-19 pandemic not only exposed vulnerabilities within the right to work, but it also brought workplace discrimination and its detrimental effects on LGBTQ+ employees, but also Asian-origin people, into sharper focus. To create a more resilient and equitable post-pandemic world, efforts must be directed towards implementing effective measures to combat discrimination, ensuring the protection of workers' rights, and promoting inclusive work environments. Only through collective action and a commitment to human rights can we forge a path towards a more just and harmonious society for all. Description: Διπλωματική εργασία--Πανεπιστήμιο Μακεδονίας, Θεσσαλονίκη, 2026. Wed, 01 Jan 2025 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.lib.uom.gr/handle/2159/34621 2025-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.lib.uom.gr/handle/2159/34619 Title: Impact and adaptation: analyzing internal migration in Thessaly region following the floods caused by the extreme weather phenomenon "Daniel" Authors: Τζιόλας, Στυλιανός Απόστολος Abstract: Environmental disasters are having an increasing impact on human mobility patterns somewhere out there and especially in areas where environmental exposure meets socioeconomic vulnerability. This thesis examines the extent of relation between extreme events (environmental phenomena) and population mobility through a case study of floods resulting from Storm Daniel in Thessaly, Greece in 2023. The research seeks to understand the relationship between environmental disruption, socio-economic situation and institutional responses in influencing decisions to migrate and the experience of displacement. The research uses a qualitative data (obtained through semi-structured interviews with residents affected by the floods). The research examines the motivations, lived experiences and perceptions of those displaced or considered migrating after the disaster. The results show that migration in response to the floods was not a uniform or immediate response in relation to the damage caused by the floods. Instead, mobility decisions evolved gradually as a result of the interplay between a range of different factors, including housing destruction, livelihood disruption, institutional recovery processes and perceptions of future environmental risk. The analysis shows that environmental vulnerability and socioeconomic vulnerability interact in complex ways that result in differentiated migration outcomes across age groups, occupations and income levels. In particular, households with a special reliance on agriculture and those with low financial resources had more difficulty in recovering locally and tended to consider migration as a coping strategy. The study also goes on to show that the governance of disaster and regional planning plays a critical part in influencing post-disaster mobility. Institutional coordination, timely compensation mechanisms and effective recovery policies can make a huge difference in whether the affected populations will remain, relocate for a while, or migrate permanently. The Thessaly case highlights that environmental displacement is not confined to the traditional vulnerable areas, but it can also happen in a developed institutional setting, where environmental shocks interact with structural vulnerabilities. By combining demographic analysis with qualitative narratives, this thesis adds to the broader literature on environmental migration by giving a nuanced picture of how disasters reshape population mobility, regional resilience and community stability. The findings underpin the importance of integrated policy approaches which combine disaster risk reduction, social protection, climate adaptation, and regional planning in an attempt to strengthen resilience and reduce forced displacement against the backdrop of an increasing environmental uncertainty. Description: Διπλωματική εργασία--Πανεπιστήμιο Μακεδονίας, Θεσσαλονίκη, 2026. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.lib.uom.gr/handle/2159/34619 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.lib.uom.gr/handle/2159/34544 Title: Forcible transfer or deportation of children and illegal adoptions by the enemy: a recognised crime during warfare Authors: Τζιλιβάκη, Σοφία Abstract: This study investigates the prohibition of forcible transfer or deportation of children during international armed conflicts and the legal consequences of subsequent illegal adoptions under international humanitarian law, human rights law, and international criminal law. It assesses the criteria for classifying these actions as international crimes and explores how legal frameworks address issues of protection and accountability. Focusing on the Geneva Convention IV and the Additional Protocol I, it highlights the protective role of the existing legal provisions for vulnerable groups, especially children, established after the atrocities of World War II. Furthermore, the analysis reviews the link between forced displacements and illegal adoptions, reaffirming the importance of prioritizing the best interests of the child and safeguarding core human rights such as the right to family and identity. The research also considers judicial precedents from international criminal tribunals and the criminalization of forcible transfer or deportation under the Rome Statute, noting that such acts may constitute war crimes, crimes against humanity, or genocide. It further suggests that, although illegal adoptions during armed conflicts are not explicitly defined yet as a separate criminal offense, they can be associated with broader criminal conduct. Finally, the study applies these principles to ongoing conflicts, particularly the Ukraine-Russia situation, demonstrating their continued relevance.; Η παρούσα μελέτη εξετάζει την απαγόρευση της αναγκαστικής μετακίνησης παιδιών κατά τη διάρκεια διεθνών ενόπλων συγκρούσεων, καθώς και τις έννομες συνέπειες των επακόλουθων παράνομων υιοθεσιών, υπό το πρίσμα του διεθνούς ανθρωπιστικού, ποινικού και ανθρωπίνων δικαιωμάτων δικαίου. Αξιολογεί τα κριτήρια για τον χαρακτηρισμό των εν λόγω πράξεων ως διεθνών εγκλημάτων και διερευνά τον τρόπο με τον οποίο ο νόμος αντιμετωπίζει ζητήματα αποτελεσματικής προστασίας και ανάληψης ευθυνών. Αρχικά, δίνοντας έμφαση στην τέταρτη Σύμβαση της Γενεύης και το πρώτο Πρόσθετο Πρωτόκολλο, αναδεικνύεται ο προστατευτικός ρόλος των υπαρχουσών νομοθετικών διατάξεων για τις ευάλωτες κοινωνικές ομάδες, ιδίως τα παιδιά, όπως αυτές οι διατάξεις θεσπίστηκαν μετά τις θηριωδίες του δευτέρου Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου. Επιπλέον, η παρούσα ανάλυση επικεντρώνεται στην σύνδεση μεταξύ των αναγκαστικών μετακινήσεων και των παράνομων υιοθεσιών, επιβεβαιώνοντας την σημασία της προτεραιοποίησης του βέλτιστου συμφέροντος του παιδιού στη λήψη αποφάσεων που το επηρεάζουν και της διασφάλισης των θεμελιωδών δικαιωμάτων του, όπως του δικαιώματος στην οικογένεια και την ταυτότητα. Η εκτενής νομολογία διεθνών ποινικών δικαστηρίων και η ποινικοποίηση των παράνομων αναγκαστικών μετακινήσεων κατά το Καταστατικό της Ρώμης λαμβάνονται υπόψιν και αποδεικνύουν ότι οι εν λόγω πράξεις δύνανται να συνιστούν εγκλήματα πολέμου, εγκλήματα κατά της ανθρωπότητας, ακόμα και γενοκτονία. Περαιτέρω, υποστηρίζεται ότι, μολονότι οι παράνομες υιοθεσίες παιδιών κατά τη διάρκεια των ενόπλων συγκρούσεων δεν ορίζονται ρητά ακόμα ως αυτοτελές έγκλημα, μπορούν να συνδεθούν με ευρύτερες εγκληματικές συμπεριφορές. Τέλος, η έρευνα επιχειρεί να εφαρμόσει τις ανωτέρω αρχές σε σύγχρονες συγκρούσεις, και συγκεκριμένα στην περίπτωση του πολέμου Ουκρανίας-Ρωσίας, καταδεικνύοντας τη διαρκή επικαιρότητά τους. Description: Διπλωματική εργασία--Πανεπιστήμιο Μακεδονίας, Θεσσαλονίκη, 2026. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.lib.uom.gr/handle/2159/34544 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z http://dspace.lib.uom.gr/handle/2159/34531 Title: Navigating the sociocultural integration of refugee children; field research with psychosocial and educational professionals in camps and unsegregated schools Authors: Χατζηλέλεκα, Μαρία Δέσποινα Abstract: Refugee children’s sociocultural integration is a critical field of research in the contemporary EU that underlines the impact of forced displacement on children’s well-being. This qualitative study investigates refugee children’s linguistic, emotional, sociocultural challenges after resettlement in the Greek city of Larissa, as well as the integration strategies used by refugee camps and collaborative unsegregated schools along with the challenges educators encounter in implementing them. Using qualitative ethnographic methods, data were collected through semi-structured interviews with camp workers, teachers and psychosocial specialists, as well as, participant observation. The findings indicate that the challenges children have been experiencing in their homelands and during their journeys to the host countries significantly shape integration effectiveness. They also demonstrate that even though both camps and schools function as social, urban, interactive spaces that facilitate sociocultural adaptation, linguistic and psychosocial integration, strategies used by schools seem to be more structured and effective for refugee children’s daily communication and interaction with the local community. Besides, teachers play a major role in implementing intercultural education and facilitate refugee children’s sociocultural integration, often being in need for more governmental scientific and emotional support. When compared to literature from other Greek cities and EU countries, they underline both intersections and localized divergences. This research highlights the need for constant collaboration among camps and schools for promoting inclusive actions that allow refugee children overcome their resettlement challenges and experience smooth sociocultural integration. Description: Διπλωματική εργασία--Πανεπιστήμιο Μακεδονίας, Θεσσαλονίκη, 2026. Thu, 01 Jan 2026 00:00:00 GMT http://dspace.lib.uom.gr/handle/2159/34531 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z